Bibliography of Primary Sources

1930 U.S.  Federal Census Records 1930.  Babylon, Suffolk, New York, Roll: 1649, Page: 4B, Enumeration District: 0011, Image: 860.0, FHL microfilm: 2341383.  Ancestry.com. 1930 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA.  Accessed November 22, 2013.  Original data: United State of America, Bureau of the Census.  Fifteenth Census of the United States, 1930, Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1930. T626, 2,667 rolls.

1940 United State Federal Census Records 1940.  Babylon, Suffolk, New York; Roll: T627_2783; Page: 12A; Enumeration District: 52-17.  Accessed November 22, 2013.  Ancestry.com. 1940 United States Federal Census [database on-line]. Provo, UT, USA: Ancestry.com Operations, Inc., 2012.  Original data: United States of America, Bureau of the Census. Sixteenth Census of the United States, 1940. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration, 1940. T627, 4,643 rolls.

1941 Yearbook for the 366^th Infantry Regiment, Fort Devens, Massachusetts.  399^th Infantry Regiment Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

“Army Will Build 32 Huge Camps.” New York Times, May 18, 1917.  World War (Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

Berg, Horst.  Personal account.  February 2000, POW Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

Dorman, Bill Pvt.  “Enlisted Men Give Approval.” Fort Devens Digest, January 8, 1943.

Dreher, Walter, Letter to the Military Historical Archives in Boston, MA, dated March 2, 1998 including recommendation letter by Robert L. Spooner to Walter Dreher dated March 29, 1946.  POW Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

Elliott, Raymond, in discussion with author, April 2, 2010.

“The Fighting Blood of the Miami Negroes.” Miami Herald Record, April 5, 1918.  World War I Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

“First of Japanese-American WACs Stationed at Fort Devens.” The Lowell Sun, October 19, 1944.

Fletcher, Alex.  “Women wore flowered smock and combat boots.” Public Spirit, (Ayer, MA).   October 4, 1995.

“Four Negro WACs Sentenced to a Year of Hard Labor.” The Daily Herald, Biloxi and Gulfport, March 21, 1945.

“German Prisoners of War at Fort Devens.” Fitchburg Sentinel and Enterprise, April 6, 1944.

“German War Prisoners raising Big Crops for Our Soldiers at Devens.” The Boston Daily Globe, August, 4, 1918.

“German POW from WWII Revisits Fort Devens.” The Public Spirit (Ayer, MA), August 5, 1987.

“Germans at Devens Celebrate Peace.” The Boston Daily Globe, November 17, 1918.

“Hundreds of German Prisoners are at Work Near Camp Devens.” Camp News, The Lowell Sun, June 4, 1918.

Julian. Letter to Allan R. Gill, dated March 28, 1918.  World War I Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

Julian.  Letter to Allen R. Gill, dated April 7, 1918.  World War I Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

Julian.  Letter to Allen R, Gill, dated April 15, 1918.  World War I Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

Julian.  Letter to Allan R. Gill, dated April 8, 1918.  World War I Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

Koenig, Pierre. Translated letter, undated.  POW Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

LaFrance, Elsie.  Oral Interview over the phone, November 16, 1998.  WACs Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

Leftenant-Colon, Nancy.  In discussion with author, August 30, 2013.

Lewis, Steve Tech. Sgt.  “Spouse’s Tea serves up warmth and smiles during the Tuskegee Airman convention.” 459^th Air Refueling Wing.  July 30, 2010.  Accessed September 7, 2013.  http://www.459arw.afrc.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123215616.

“Long and Short of it at Camp Devens, Mass.” The Norwood News (New York), July 20, 1918.

McKenna, Pat Tech. Sgt.  “Nursing Old Wounds: Retired major recalls struggles as a first black in regular Army Nurse Corps.”  U.S. Air Force.  Accessed 2007.  http://www.af.mil/news/airman/0498/nurse.htm (discontinued).

Murphy, Dick Sgt.  “Fort Impressed by Trim Appearance.” Fort Devens Digest, January 8, 1943.

“Nazi POWs Live Comfortable Life In Contrast to Yanks’ Lot in the Reich.  The Ada Evening News, May 6, 1945.

“Negro WACs Back on Duty.” The New York Times, April 4, 1945.

“Negroes Leave for Camp August 3d.” Miami Herald Record, July 27, 1918, Fort Devens Museum Collection.

“Nurse Faced Hurdles for Military Acceptance.” Article originally from www.af.mil.  Posted February 18, 2012.  Accessed April 30, 2013.  http://www.dodlive.mil/index.php/2012/02/nurse-faced-hurdles-for-military-acceptance/.

Order of battle of the United States Land Forces During the World War, Zone of the Interior: Territorial Departments Tactical Divisions Organized in 1918 posts, Camps, Stations, Volume 3, Part 2, Center of Military History, United States Army, Washington, D.C., 1988.  World War I collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.  1988.

“Prisoners in U.S. Bid Reich Yield.” The New York Times, April 8, 1945.

Robinson, William J.  “Interned Sailors Subscribed to Loan.”  Boston Daily Globe, October, 19, 1918.

Ross, Lawrence Letters.  Morning Minion Blog.  Accessed April 25, 2011.  http://wwwmorningsminion.blogspot.com/search/label/World%20War%20I%3B%20letters%20of%20Lawrence%20Ross (discontinued).

Testimony of 1^st Lieutenant Andrew W. Cunningham, CAC, Lovell General Hospital, Fort Devens, Massachusetts, April 17, 1944, by Lieutenant Colonel Milton S. Musser, IGD., copied at NARA.  WAC Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.  Note: The document is dated wrong.  The date should be April 17, 1945 as evidence provides in the testimony.

Testimony of Transcript Colonel Walter M. Crandall, taken at Lovell General Hospital, Fort Devens, Massachusetts, April 19, 1944, by Lieutenant Colonel Milton S. Musser, IOD, Major Ruby Herman, IUD, copied at NARA.  WAC Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.  Note: The document is dated wrong.  The date should be April 19, 1945 as evidence provides in the testimony.

Testimony of WACs Private Alice Young, Private Mary E. Green, Private Johnnie Murphy, and Private Anna C. Morrison, Court-martial Transcript, taken at Fort Devens, Massachusetts, March and April 1945, in OCR format, in author’s possession, obtained from Jeffrey Sweet playwright for “Court-martial at Fort Devens.”

Thomas, L.E. Attorney.  “The Professions in Miami.”  Crisis Miami Pictorial Number.  Miami: March 1942.  http://books.google.com/.

Traumann, Klaus.  Letter to Ed Pieters, November 1997.  POW Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

Welstead, Gail Patrick.  Personal account in an email, September 27, 2010.  POW Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

Winship, Laurence L.  “Camp Devens Foreign Legion Presents a Bable of Tongues.” Boston Globe Daily, August 25, 1918.  World War I Collection.  Fort Devens Museum, Devens, MA.

Winship, Laurence L. “Southern Draftees Reach Devens.”  Boston Daily Globe, August 7, 1918, Fort Devens Museum collection.

Winship, Laurence L.  “Unusual Court Scenes at Devens.”  Boston Daily Globe, August 29, 1918, Fort Devens Collection.

World War II Army Enlistment Records, Records of Tenola T. Stoney, National Archives.  Accessed 2013.  http://aad.archives.gov/aad/record-detail.jsp?dt=893&rid=105232.